Diabetes and Diabetic Nurse Education and Practice

Diabetes

Diabetes commonly termed as “Diabetes Mellitus” in which there are high sugar level than optimal level. Symptoms of high blood sugar include increased urination, increased thirst, and increased hunger. Commonly there are two types of diabetes.

Type 1 Diabetes occurs when pancreatic cells are unable to produce insulin. This type of diabetes is insulin dependent and it is an autoimmune disorder.

Type 2 Diabetes shows insulin resistance property, a circumstance under which cells fail to respond to insulin properly. This occurs commonly in people because of pre obese conditions and lack of physical exercise.

Following tests can be used to establish a firm diagnosis of diabetes: 

• Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) >125 mg/dL (most common test)
• Random plasma glucose ≥200 mg/dL with diabetes symptoms such as polyuria, polydipsia, fatigue,  weight loss
• Two hours post-load glucose ≥200 mg/dL on a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test
• HbA1c ≥6.5%.